Historic images from Messenger's first Mercury fly-by (Image © NASA/Johns Hopkins University Applied Physics Laboratory/Carnegie Institution of Washington)
Rocky and pockmarked, the surface of Mercury – the sun’s closest neighbour – has proven less colourful than popular science fiction would have us believe.
The historic first flyby of the planet by Nasa’s Messenger space probe in January, following years of planning and 7.9billion kilometres of flying, produced these out-of-this-world images showing its surface in exquisite detail.
Scientists hope the images will shed new light on the planet’s history, believed to stretch back some four billion years. The spacecraft will also create a topographical map of Mercury’s surface and identify atmospheric gases and minerals.
Nasa first launched the Messenger (Mercury Surface, Space Environment Geochemistry and Ranging) mission in August 2004. Just as with the Mariner 10 expedition of 1974 to 1975, Messenger will make three passes around Mercury’s surface, after which it will settle into the planet’s orbit in March 2011. The next flybys are scheduled for October 2008 and September 2009.
Using new technology, Messenger has already revealed more detail from the planet’s surface than the three flybys of Mariner 10. Two cameras, one wide-angle and the other narrow-angle, are capturing the crater-marked surface in unprecedented detail.
Through the course of its extraterrestrial journey, Messenger has so far taken more than 1,200 highly detailed photographs. The most close-up image brought the probe approximately 200km from the planet’s surface. To find out more, click on the thumbnails in the gallery below.
by Stephanie Sanchez

In pictures: Messenger's historic first Mercury flyby

Mercury rising (click to enlarge)Mercury rising (click to enlarge)Mercury rising (click to enlarge)Mercury rising (click to enlarge)Mercury rising (click to enlarge)

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